{"id":84,"date":"2024-07-20T19:47:39","date_gmt":"2024-07-20T11:47:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/jdoxk3.cn\/?p=84"},"modified":"2024-07-20T19:50:25","modified_gmt":"2024-07-20T11:50:25","slug":"%e7%bd%91%e7%bb%9c%e5%9f%ba%e7%a1%80%e9%87%8d%e7%82%b9","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/jdoxk3.cn\/index.php\/2024\/07\/20\/%e7%bd%91%e7%bb%9c%e5%9f%ba%e7%a1%80%e9%87%8d%e7%82%b9\/","title":{"rendered":"\u7f51\u7edc\u57fa\u7840\u91cd\u70b9"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

1.OSI\u4e03\u5c42\u6a21\u578b<\/strong><\/h1>\n\n\n\n

\u7b80\u8bb0\uff1a\u7269\u8054\u7f51\u53d4\u4f1a\u4f7f\u7528\uff08\u5012\u8bb0\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u9ad8\u5c42\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u2460\u5e94\u7528\u5c42\uff1a\u6307\u7528\u6237\u5b9e\u9645\u7528\u5230\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u58f0\u97f3\u56fe\u7247\u6587\u5b57<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u7528\u6765\u5b9a\u4e49\u7528\u6237\u4ea4\u4e92\u7684\u63a5\u53e3\uff0c\u5404\u79cd\u5404\u6837\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2461\u8868\u793a\u5c42<\/strong>\uff1a\u901a\u8fc7\u7f16\u7801\u6765\u4f7f\u5f97\u6570\u636e\u80fd\u88ab\u7528\u6237\u76f4\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u7528\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u6570\u636e\u7684\u52a0\u5bc6\u89e3\u5bc6\uff0c\u538b\u7f29\u89e3\u538b\u7f29\uff0c\u683c\u5f0f\u5316\uff08\u7f16\u7801\uff09\uff0c\u7535\u8111\u4e0a\u5404\u79cd\u5404\u6837\u7684\u683c\u5f0f<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2462\u4f1a\u8bdd\u5c42<\/strong>\uff1a\u5efa\u7acb\u4f1a\u8bdd\u4e0e\u4f1a\u8bdd\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u6dd8\u5b9d\u53ea\u80fd\u7528\u652f\u4ed8\u5b9d\u4ed8\u6b3e<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u7528\u6765\u5efa\u7acb\u7ba1\u7406\u4f1a\u8bdd\uff0c\u591a\u4e2a\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u6807\u7b7e\u9875\u5206\u5f00<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2463\u4f20\u8f93\u5c42<\/strong>\uff1a\u5efa\u7acbTCP\/UDP\u4f20\u8f93\u6570\u636e<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u63d0\u4f9b\u6570\u636e\u5206\u6bb5\u548c\u91cd\u7ec4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u63d0\u4f9b\u4f20\u8f93\u65b9\u5f0f\uff1aTCP\/UDP<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u63d0\u4f9b\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7\uff1a1-65535 \u7528\u4e8e\u533a\u5206\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u670d\u52a1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C:\\Windows\\System32\\drivers\\etc\\services<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4e0b\u4e09\u5c42<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u2464\u7f51\u7edc\u5c42<\/strong>\uff1a\u57fa\u4e8eIP\u5730\u5740\u8fdb\u884c\u8def\u7531\u8f6c\u53d1<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u903b\u8f91\u5730\u5740\uff1aIP \uff08\u90ae\u7f16\uff09 \u662f\u4f1a\u968f\u65f6\u53d8\u5316<\/p>\n\n\n\n

IP\u5730\u5740\u7528\u4e8e\u6807\u8bc6\u6570\u636e\u7684\u6765\u6e90\u548c\u76ee\u7684\u5730<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\u7684\u8282\u70b9\u901a\u8fc7IP\u5730\u5740\u6765\u5224\u65ad\u8be5\u6570\u636e\u8981\u53bb\u5f80\u7684\u5927\u81f4\u8303\u56f4\uff08\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\u7684\u8def\u7531\u5668\u901a\u8fc7IP\u5730\u5740\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u53d1\u5230\u5176\u6240\u5728\u7684\u5c40\u57df\u7f51\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n

IP\u5730\u5740\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u4fe1\u5c01\u4e0a\u7684\u90ae\u653f\u7f16\u7801<\/p>\n\n\n\n

IPv4\u5730\u5740\u662f32\u4f4d\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u65b9\u4fbf\u8bb0\u5fc6\uff0c\u5c06\u5176\u5199\u4f5c\u70b9\u5206\u5341\u8fdb\u5236\uff1a123.23.43.1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u4f20\u8f93\u5c42\u6240\u7528\u7684\u534f\u8bae\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

TCP(6)\uff0cUDP\uff0817\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2465\u6570\u636e\u94fe\u8def\u5c42<\/strong>:\u8fde\u63a5\u5404\u79cd\u534f\u8bae<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u5c01\u88c5\u6210\u5e27 \u6570\u636e\u6821\u9a8c \u7269\u7406\u7f16\u5740<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b50\u5c42\uff1aMAC\u5c42<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

LLC\u5c42<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u7269\u7406\u5730\u5740: MAC \uff08\u95e8\u724c\u53f7\uff09 \u4e0d\u4f1a\u8f7b\u6613\u6539\u53d8 \u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u4eba\u7684\u59d3\u540d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

MAC\u5730\u5740\u662f\u5728\u6bcf\u4e00\u5f20\u7f51\u5361(NIC)\u51fa\u5382\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u70e7\u5f55\u8fdb\u56fa\u4ef6\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5168\u7403\u552f\u4e00\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4ea4\u6362\u673a\u7528MAC\u5730\u5740\u6765\u8bc6\u522b\u5c40\u57df\u7f51\u4e2d\u4e0d\u540c\u8bbe\u5907<\/p>\n\n\n\n

MAC\u5730\u5740\u662f48\u4f4d\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u65b9\u4fbf\u4eba\u4eec\u8bb0\u5fc6\uff0c\u5c06\u5176\u5199\u4f5c16\u8fdb\u5236\uff1aaaaa.bbbb.cccc<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u67e5\u770b\u81ea\u5df1\u7535\u8111\u7684MAC\u5730\u5740\uff0ccmd\u4e2d\u8fd0\u884cipconfig \/all<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6821\u9a8c\u6570\u636e\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u578b\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5728\u6570\u636e\u94fe\u8def\u62a5\u6587\u4fe1\u606f\u4e2d\u63d2\u5165\u5e27\u5c3e\u6821\u9a8c\u5e8f\u5217(FCS)\u3002FCS\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u5faa\u73af\u5197\u4f59\u68c0\u9a8c(CRC)\u8ba1\u7b97\u5f97\u5230\u7684<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2466\u7269\u7406\u5c42<\/strong>\uff1a\u7f51\u7ebf\u8def\u7531\u5668\u7b49\u7b49<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u5b9a\u4e49\u7269\u7406\u4f20\u8f93\u4ecb\u8d28\u7535\u6c14\u6807\u51c6<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u7269\u7406\u5c42\u6211\u4eec\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u9760\u7684<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2.TCP \u7cbe\u786e\u4f20\u8f93<\/strong><\/h1>\n\n\n\n

\u4e0b\u8f7d\u6587\u4ef6\u3001\u4f20\u8f93\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n\n\n\n

TCP\u4e09\u6b21\u63e1\u624b<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

A\u8bf7\u6c42\u548cB\u540c\u6b65\uff08A\u8bf4\u8981\u7ed9B\u94b1\uff0c\u201c\u8001\u677f\u591a\u5c11\u94b1\u626b\u54ea\u5440\uff1f\u201d\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u5728\u786e\u8ba4\u7684\u540c\u65f6\u4e5f\u8bf7\u6c42\u548cA\u540c\u6b65\uff08B\u540c\u610fA\u7ed9\u4ed6\u94b1\uff0c\u5e76\u628a\u6536\u6b3e\u7801\u4eae\u51fa\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n

A\u9700\u8981\u56de\u590d\u786e\u8ba4\uff08A\u786e\u8ba4B\u51c6\u5907\u597d\u6536\u94b1\u518d\u628a\u94b1\u7ed9\u4ed6\uff0c\u201c\u626b\u8fd9\u662f\u5427\u554a\uff0c\u8f6c\u8fc7\u53bb\u4e86\u54c8\u201d\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n

TCP \u56db\u6b21\u6325\u624b<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

A\u8bf7\u6c42\u548cB\u65ad\u5f00\uff08A\u8981\u548cB\u5206\u624b\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u540c\u610f\u65ad\u5f00\u548cA\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\uff08B\u540c\u610f\u548cA\u5206\u624b\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u8bf7\u6c42\u548cA\u65ad\u5f00\uff08B\u8ba9A\u628a\u4ed6\u8054\u7cfb\u65b9\u5f0f\u5220\u4e86\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n

A\u540c\u610f\u65ad\u5f00\u548cB\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\uff08A\u540c\u610f\u5220\u6389B\u7684\u8054\u7cfb\u65b9\u5f0f\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u56db\u6b21\u6325\u624b\u4e0d\u662f\u4e09\u6b21<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

TCP\u662f\u5168\u53cc\u5de5\u7684\uff0cA\u53d1\u8d77\u65ad\u5f00\u8fde\u63a5\u64cd\u4f5c\u53ea\u80fd\u8bf4\u660eA\u4e0d\u53d1\u9001\u4efb\u4f55\u6570\u636e\u4e86\uff08A\u5bf9B\u6ca1\u7231\u4e86\uff09\uff0cB\u7684ACK\u786e\u8ba4\u6536\u5230\u65ad\u5f00\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u800cB\u53ef\u4ee5\u9009\u62e9\u4e0d\u65ad\u5f00\uff0c\u7ee7\u7eed\u5411A\u53d1\u9001\u6570\u636e\uff08B\u7ee7\u7eed\u5f53\u8214\u72d7….\uff09\u3002\uff08\u6b64\u65f6\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u662f CLOSE-WAIT \u72b6\u6001\uff0cTCP\u8fde\u63a5\u51fa\u4e8e\u534a\u5173\u95ed\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u5373A\u5df2\u7ecf\u6ca1\u6709\u6570\u636e\u8981\u53d1\u9001\u4e86\uff0c\u4f46B\u82e5\u53d1\u9001\u6570\u636e\uff0cA\u4ecd\u8981\u63a5\u53d7\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u72b6\u6001\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u6301\u7eed\u4e00\u6bb5\u65f6\u95f4\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5982\u679c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6bb5\u5c06ACK(\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u6325\u624b)\u548cFIN(\u7b2c\u4e09\u6b21\u6325\u624b)\u5408\u5e76\u6210\u4e00\u5757\u53d1\u8fc7\u53bb\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c31\u610f\u5473\u7740\u4e00\u65b9\u5173\u95ed\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u4e5f\u8981\u88ab\u8feb\u5173\u95ed\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u4ee3\u8868\u82e5\u6b64\u65f6\u6709\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7ee7\u7eed\u5355\u5411\u7684\u53d1\u9001\u7247\u6bb5\u7ed9\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u5219\u65e0\u6cd5\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6ed1\u52a8\u7a97\u53e3<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

UDP<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u89c6\u9891\u7535\u8bdd<\/p>\n\n\n\n

4.\u7f51\u7edc\u5730\u5740<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u79c1\u6709\u5730\u5740<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

A\u7c7b 10.0.0.0\/8\uff0c \u537310.0.0.0–10.255.255.255<\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u7c7b 172.16.0.0\/12\uff0c \u5373172.16.0.0–172.31.255.255<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u7c7b 192.168.0.0\/ 16\uff0c \u5373192.168.0.0–192.168.255.255<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

1.OSI\u4e03\u5c42\u6a21\u578b \u7b80\u8bb0\uff1a\u7269\u8054\u7f51\u53d4\u4f1a\u4f7f\u7528\uff08\u5012\u8bb0\uff09 \u9ad8\u5c42\uff1a \u2460\u5e94\u7528\u5c42\uff1a\u6307\u7528\u6237\u5b9e\u9645\u7528\u5230\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u58f0\u97f3\u56fe\u7247\u6587\u5b57 \u7528 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-84","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-linux"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/jdoxk3.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/84","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/jdoxk3.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/jdoxk3.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jdoxk3.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jdoxk3.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=84"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/jdoxk3.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/84\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":91,"href":"https:\/\/jdoxk3.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/84\/revisions\/91"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/jdoxk3.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=84"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jdoxk3.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=84"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jdoxk3.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=84"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}